Dynamics and Expression

timesig 4/4 {
    Sequence contrast = | ff C4 D4 pp E4 F4 |
    Note: C4 and D4 are loud, E4 and F4 are soft
}

timesig 4/4 {
    Note: Gradual crescendo from pp to ff
    Sequence growing = | pp C4 cresc D4 E4 ff F4 |
    Note: D4 and E4 get interpolated velocities between pp and ff

    Note: Gradual decrescendo from ff to pp
    Sequence fading = | ff G4 decresc F4 E4 pp D4 |
}

dynamics f {
    Note: All notes here default to forte
    Sequence loud = | C4 D4 E4 F4 |

    dynamics pp {
        Note: Inner block overrides to pianissimo
        Sequence soft = | C4 D4 E4 F4 |
    }
}

timesig 4/4 {
    Sequence accented = | C4q> D4q E4q F4q> |
    Note: C4 and F4 are accented
}

timesig 4/4 {
    Sequence stac  = | C4q stacc D4q E4q F4q |  Note: staccato (short)
    Sequence ten   = | C4q ten   D4q E4q F4q |  Note: tenuto (sustained)
    Sequence marc  = | C4q marc  D4q E4q F4q |  Note: marcato (strongly accented)
    Sequence legArt = | C4q leg  D4q E4q F4q |  Note: legato (overlapping)
}

timesig 4/4 {
    Sequence ghosty = | C4 (ghost D4) E4 F4 |
    Note: D4 is barely audible, like a "felt" note
}

timesig 4/4 {
    Sequence graceful = | (grace B3) C4 D4 E4 F4 |
    Note: B3 plays as a quick pick-up into C4
}

timesig 4/4 {
    Sequence mel = | C4h E4h |
    Sequence trilled = mel -> trill +2st
    Note: C4 alternates rapidly with D4 (2 semitones up)
    Note: E4 alternates rapidly with F#4
}

timesig 4/4 {
    Sequence mel = | C4h E4h |
    Sequence trem = mel -> tremolo 4
    Note: each note repeated 4 times at 1/4 the original duration
}

timesig 4/4 {
    Sequence mel = | C4 D4 E4 F4 |
    Sequence growing = mel -> crescendo 0.25 0.875
    Note: linearly from pp (0.25) to ff (0.875)
}

timesig 4/4 {
    Sequence mel = | C4 D4 E4 F4 |
    Sequence dying = mel -> decrescendo 0.875 0.25
}

timesig 4/4 {
    Sequence mel = | C4 D4 E4 F4 G4 A4 B4 C5 |
    Sequence swelled = mel -> swell 0.25 0.875
    Note: starts at 0.25, peaks at 0.875 in the middle, returns to 0.25
}

timesig 4/4 {
    Sequence mel = | mf C5q B4q A4q G4q |
    Sequence slowing = mel -> ritardando 0.7
}

timesig 4/4 {
    Sequence mel = | mf C4q D4q E4q F4q |
    Sequence speeding = mel -> accelerando 0.7
}

timesig 4/4 {
    Sequence mel = | mf C4q D4q E4q F4q |
    Sequence held = mel -> fermata 2
    Note: E4 (index 2) gets double duration
}

timesig 4/4 {
    Sequence mel = | C4 D4 E4 F4 |
    Sequence human = mel -> humanize 0.2
    Note: amount 0.0-1.0 controls the variation range
    Note: 0.2 = up to 4% velocity variation (0.2 * 20%)
}

timesig 4/4 {
    Sequence mel = | {voice C4w} {voice E4q G4q B4q C5q} |
    Sequence h1  = (humanizeGaussian mel 0.3 42)    Note: seed = 42
    Sequence h2  = (humanizeGaussian mel 0.3 42)    Note: identical to h1
}

use "@audio"

Buffer quieter = rendered -> gain -6dB         Note: half loudness (perceptual)
Buffer doubled = rendered -> volume 2.0        Note: double the sample magnitude

timesig 4/4 {
    Sequence expressive = | ff C4q> D4q pp E4q stacc F4q |

    Note: Transposing preserves dynamics and articulation
    Sequence transposed = expressive -> transpose +2st

    Note: Retrograde preserves them too
    Sequence reversed = (retrograde expressive)
}

use "@std"
use "@audio"

tempo 72 {
    timesig 4/4 {
        key Cmajor {
            section intro {
                Sequence phrase = | pp C4q E4q G4q C5q | -> crescendo 0.2 0.7
                Sequence melody = | mf E4q G4q B4q E5q | -> humanize 0.1
            }

            section development {
                Sequence theme = | f C4q> D4q E4q stacc F4q |
                Sequence variation = theme -> transpose +4st -> decrescendo 0.8 0.4
            }

            section climax {
                Sequence peak = | C4q E4q G4q C5q E5q G5q C6q C6q | -> swell 0.5 1.0
            }

            section ending {
                Sequence resolve = | mp G4q E4q C4h | -> ritardando 0.5
                Sequence finalChord = | pp C4w |
            }

            Song piece = [intro development climax ending]
            Buffer buf = (renderSong piece "piano")
        }
    }
}